Operational amplifiers (commonly called op amps) are a ubiquitous building block for designing electronic circuits. Today, these devices are fabricated as small integrated circuits, but the concept ...

The operational amplifier is arguably the most useful single device in analog electronic circuitry. When you apply them in the circuits, you must know their basics and functions. As for the function ...

Circuit simulations are great because you can experiment with circuits and make changes with almost no effort. In Circuit VR, we look at circuits using a simulator to do experiments without having to ...

Modeling the performance of an analog device with SPICE is one of the standard techniques used by circuit designers to perform initial characterization and performance analysis before putting together ...

Engineers often encounter difficulty when attempting to accurately rectify low-amplitude AC signals using standard diode-based circuits. The primary issue arises from the diode’s forward voltage drop, ...

Op amps played a critical role in knocking out German cruise missiles in WWII. Scientists at Bell Labs came up with a spiffy, high-gain, differencing amplifier. Andy’s still threatening to run SPICE ...