Cold forming processes comprise techniques in which metal tubes are plastically deformed at ambient temperature to refine dimensional tolerances, enhance surface integrity and improve mechanical ...

Tube bending occupies a central role in the manufacturing of fluid‐conveying and structural components across aerospace, automotive, shipbuilding and energy sectors. A variety of forming methods has ...

As spinning process continues to iterate and advance, an increasing number of tube parts are being formed by spinning process, encompassing both ferrous and non-ferrous metals. Concurrently, composite ...

Forming sheet metal is one of the most critical processes in fabricating and manufacturing parts and components. In sheet metal forming, metals are reshaped in their solid state while they are still ...

Deformation processes transform solid materials from one shape into another. The initial shape is usually simple (e.g., a billet or sheet blank) and is plastically deformed between tools, or dies, to ...